Rosiglitazone(RSG) is definitely an dental antidiabetic agent from the thiazolidinedion(TDZ) class that exerts its antihyperglycemic effect by reduction of insulin resistance. Actions of TDZs is regarded as mediated mainly through activating the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma). RSG includes a greater interest in PPAR-gamma than troglitazone or pioglitazone and also the in vivo antidiabetic potency of RSG is correlated using its high biding affinity. In animal types of insulin resistance, RSG decreased plasma glucose, triglyceride and levels of insulin as well as avoided diabetic nephropathy and pancreatic islet cell degeneration. In clinical study, RSG, alone or in conjunction with other diabetic agents(metformin or sulphonylurea), produces significant enhancements in HbA1c levels with type 2 diabetes. Attention ought to be compensated on liver function in patients taking RSG.